What is Ransomware

Ransomware is a type of malicious software (malware) that encrypts a victim’s files. The attackers then demand a ransom from the victim to restore access to the files or systems. In essence, it holds the victim’s data hostage until the ransom is paid, usually in cryptocurrency.

Here’s how ransomware typically works:

1. Infection: Ransomware often enters a system through phishing emails, malicious attachments, or compromised websites. Once the malware infiltrates a system, it starts encrypting files.
2. Encryption: The ransomware encrypts the victim’s files, making them inaccessible. The victim may receive a ransom note explaining the situation and demanding payment for the decryption key.
3. Ransom Note: The attackers usually provide instructions on how to pay the ransom, often in cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin or Monero. They may threaten to permanently delete the decryption key if the payment is not made within a specified timeframe.
4. Payment: If the victim decides to pay the ransom, they send the required amount to the attackers. In return, they are supposed to receive the decryption key to unlock their files.
5. Decryption: Once the ransom is paid, the attackers may or may not provide the decryption key. Even if they do, there’s no guarantee that the files will be restored, and paying the ransom encourages criminal activities.

Ransomware attacks can have severe consequences for individuals and organizations, causing data loss, financial damage, and operational disruptions. Prevention measures include regularly backing up important data, keeping software and systems updated, using antivirus and anti-malware solutions, and educating users about potential threats like phishing.